Spatial Omics Helps In The Analysis Of Tissue Microenvironment, Evaluate Tissue Biomarkers And Study Biology Of Tumor

 

Spatial Omics

Spatial Omics is a new field that brings together molecular analysis and spatial information to understand the communication between tissues and cells. It is a field of research that is attracting a lot of attention. With advances in probe chemistry, spatial analysis has become a cost-effective and practical solution to the traditional "old school" experimental methods.

Spatial Omics technologies are designed to detect the spatial coordinates of a large number of molecular markers. They can provide high-resolution images and a greater amount of data than traditional image formats. These methods enable researchers to perform complex analysis, including those that examine the distribution of protein abundance and cellular phenotypes. The resulting spatial omics data are often barcodes with spatial coordinates, which can be used to provide an additional layer of metadata to downstream analysis.

Spatial Omics technologies are available in a wide range of resolutions and are applied to single or multiple cell studies. These methods use in situ sequencing, microscopy, and NGS platforms to acquire high-resolution omic data.

The most common applications of these technologies are the detection of unique gene targets, delineation of interactions between cells, and characterization of cellular architecture. Some of the methods include fluorescent in situ sequencing, deterministic barcoding in tissue for spatial omics sequencing, and DNA cluster-indexed library-sequencing.

Another major area of application is spatial transcriptomics. With these techniques, investigators can visualize the transcriptomes of individual cell sections, or even single cells, in great detail. Most of these technologies are performed in situ, allowing them to scan thousands of genes at once. While these technologies have not reached the point of ubiquity yet, they are expected to gain widespread adoption in the coming years.

However, the difficulty in handling high amounts of data hinders the use of these techniques. Some of the major issues that hamper spatial analysis are signal-to-noise ratios, data collection, and processing. There is also the fact that some of these techniques are expensive. If the price were lower, Spatial Omics would be more widely adopted.

AstraZeneca and Akoya Biosciences, Inc. agreed to work together in June 2021, for developing spatial biomarker signatures and new multiplex immunofluorescence (MIF) workflows. 


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